11. Early Geodetic Theodolites were King

The Geodetic Survey of Canada was officially established in 1909 with William Frederick King as...

10. The Survey Instrument Captain Cook Wanted to Learn – The Plane Table and Alidade

The plane table and alidade has been used for mapping topographical features for centuries.

09. Is it a Theodolite or Transit? Early Open Vernier Theodolites and Transits

What is the difference between a theodolite and transit? The term “theodolite” can be traced...

08. The Topley Company – a Canadian Supplier of Survey Instruments

The Topley Company – a Canadian Supplier of Survey Instruments

07. Chaining – an Art and a Science

Steel band tapes, when introduced, were called chains and the act of measuring using a...

06. The Gunter’s Chain is Replaced by the Steel Band Chain

When the first township surveys in Western Canada were carried out, the Gunter’s chain was...

05. Surveys were to be Astronomical

It was common to use magnetic bearings for surveys during the 19th century using a...